Is Wolfram on a level with Darwin?

   Why are the ideas of Fredkin, Kurzweil, and Wolfram important? Are the 4 greatest challenges in quantum gravitational theory to explain dark energy, dark matter, Guth's inflation, and ultra-high-energy cosmic rays? Are the 4 greatest challenges in neuroscience to explain consciousness, sleep, learning, and memory? Are the 4 greatest challenges in technology to develop biotechnology, space colonization, artificial consciousness, and robotics with telepresence? Are the ideas of Fredkin, Kurzweil, and Wolfram essential for solving all the greatest problems of our age?

   Darwin's "Origins of Species" and Wolfram's "A New Kind of Science" were both best-sellers. According to Wolfram's Principle of Computational Equivalence, can we divide Turing machines into two fundamental types: those with a capacity for consciousness and those without? Throughout all galaxies, does Darwinian evolution often create consciousness based upon environmental modeling, attentional focusing, and short-term learning? Is the locational history of the read/write head the essence of focusing attention? Is the temporal history of the Turing machine the essence of short-term learning and memory?